Strategic CSR - Zillow

The article in the url below conveys the complexities (and challenges) of measuring complex notions such as social value or social impact. In this case, it is the level of climate risk associated with a property that is advertised as part of Zillow’s home listings:

 

"When Zillow Group Inc. removed climate risk scores from its home listings last month, following a complaint from the real estate industry, many observers took to the press and social media to warn — correctly — that disappearing the data doesn’t get rid of the risk. In a country assailed by extreme weather, it’s crucial that people be able to learn about a home’s vulnerability to wildfire or flooding. But the information that’s increasingly available is not as straightforward as it might seem."

 

The article correctly understates:

 

"Climate risk modeling is far from perfect, a growing body of research shows, with different models often yielding different results. And it’s not always obvious to experts, let alone homebuyers, what the data represent or how they should inform decisions."

 

To put that bluntly in a way that concisely demonstrates the measurement issues:

 

"In October, a UK industry group, the Climate Financial Risk Forum, looked at how 13 different climate-risk companies each rated the same 100 properties around the world. The ratings were all over the place. Some saw a given property as highly vulnerable to flooding, for example, while others saw no risk there at all. For 20 of the properties, the study designers provided incomplete location data, to see if models could pinpoint the address. One model placed 'a well-known store in Boston' on an Atlanta road with a similar name."

 

As such, using these measures carries its own risk of unintended consequences:

 

"Risk modeling 'is a relatively new discipline and it will take time for norms to emerge and become established,' the authors of the analysis wrote. Oversimplifying climate-impact projections — or worse, getting them wrong — could lead to some people’s assets losing value for no reason, as well as distorting market pricing." 

But, equally true is that removing the measures, however incomplete or flawed, does not remove the underlying risk. We just haven't developed very good ways to quantify that risk that allows a like-for-like comparison, across organizations and industries. Nevertheless, the statistic accompanying the article demonstrates the scale of the challenge and how far from ideal we are currently:

“21%: The percentage of times two flood-risk models got matching results."

Take care

David

 

David Chandler

Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility: Sustainable Value Creation (6e)

© Sage Publications, 2023

 

Instructor Teaching and Student Study Site: https://study.sagepub.com/chandler6e

Strategic CSR Simulation: http://www.strategiccsrsim.com/

The library of CSR Newsletters are archived at: https://strategiccsr-sage.blogspot.com/

The Imperfect Science of Home Climate Risk Scores

By Eric Roston

December 9, 2025

Bloomberg

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2025-12-09/real-estate-climate-risk-scores-show-challenges-of-imperfect-science

 

Strategic CSR - Trash

The article in the url below describes the global trade in trash – specifically, “toxic industrial waste”:

“In the closing years of the Cold War, something strange started to happen. Much of the West’s trash stopped heading to the nearest landfill and instead started crossing national borders and traversing oceans. The stuff people tossed away and probably never thought about again ... became some of the most redistributed objects on the planet, typically winding up thousands of miles away. … By the late 1980s, thousands of tons of hazardous chemicals had left the United States and Europe for the ravines of Africa, the beaches of the Caribbean and the swamps of Latin America.”

The bargain that was struck to facilitate the trade had questionable moral undertones:

“In return for this cascade of toxins, developing countries were offered large sums of cash or promised hospitals and schools. The result everywhere was much the same. Many countries that had broken from Western imperialism in the 1960s found that they were being turned into graveyards for Western industrialization in the 1980s, an injustice that Daniel arap Moi, then the president of Kenya, referred to as ‘garbage imperialism.’”

The backlash that resulted formed the impetus to negotiate the Basel Convention:

“Outraged, dozens of developing nations banded together to end waste export. The resulting treaty — the Basel Convention, entered into force in 1992 and ratified by nearly every nation in the world but not the United States — made it illegal to export toxic waste from developed to developing countries.”

The article argues that, in spite of Basel, nothing much has changed in terms of the movement of waste. What has changed, however, is the stated motivation for that trade:

“The situation now is, in many respects, worse than it was in the 1980s. Then, there was widespread recognition that waste export was immoral. Today, most waste travels under the guise of being recyclable, cloaked in the language of planetary salvation.”

Framing the movement of trash as an effort to recycle it allows the exporting economies to get around Basel. And that might even be ok, if it was true. Unfortunately, much of what we think we have ‘recycled’ is still being processed or, worse, is simply discarded:

“We might at the very least be honest with ourselves about what we are doing. We ship our waste to the other side of the planet not only because we produce far too much of it but also because we insist on an environment exorcised of our own material footprints. Everything you’ve ever thrown away in your life: There’s a good chance a lot of it is still out there, somewhere, be it headphones torched for their copper wiring in Ghana or a sliver of a Solo Cup bobbing across the Pacific Ocean.”

Take care

David

David Chandler

Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility: Sustainable Value Creation (6e)

© Sage Publications, 2023

Instructor Teaching and Student Study Site: https://study.sagepub.com/chandler6e  

Strategic CSR Simulation: http://www.strategiccsrsim.com/

The library of CSR Newsletters are archived at: https://strategiccsr-sage.blogspot.com/

Everything You’ve Ever Thrown Away Is Likely Still Out There

By Alexander Clapp

February 16, 2025

The New York Times

Late Edition – Final

SR7

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/14/opinion/trash-recycling-global-waste-trade.html

Strategic CSR - Microsoft (+ Delta)

The article in the url below from Bloomberg Green Daily's newsletter is disappointing, for many reasons:

"Staff at Microsoft have told some developers of carbon removal credits that the company is pausing what is currently the world’s biggest program for financing the extraction of CO2 from the atmosphere."

To give you an idea of how big a blow this is to the market for carbon removal credits, the chart accompanying the article makes the extent of Microsoft's impact abundantly clear:

 

 To be specific:

"Microsoft is by far the largest investor in removal credits, having set an ambitious goal to be carbon negative by 2030. The company is engaged in deals across a variety of technologies, with Bloomberg estimating that its purchases in 2025 accounted for 96% of the entire market."

The article develops a line of argument that seeks to explain the decision to pull back but, in the process, instead makes clear why Microsoft's continued engagement is more essential than ever:

"While Microsoft has expanded its carbon removals program, the company’s greenhouse gas emissions have increased significantly on the back of its investment in data centers needed to power artificial intelligence."

Microsoft has been progressive on this issue for a long time, and was one of the first companies to account for an internal carbon price to help assess the ROI on projects (see Strategic CSR - Carbon tax). It is disappointing to see them pull back from this market, especially when technological innovation seems at a formative stage. But, they are clearly not alone -- on this or other related stories. To learn about companies dropping their 'net zero' targets, for example, see the article in the second url, below:

"Delta Air Lines Inc. quietly scrubbed a pair of key environmental targets from its sustainability web page. The Atlanta-based carrier deleted its pledge to use sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for 10% of its jet fuel by 2030. It also rephrased its quest to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 as an “aspiration,” rather than a 'goal.'”

As the graphic accompanying that article shows, Delta is far from where it would need to be to achieve the targets it (voluntarily) set itself -- unfortunately, they are not an outlier in the airline industry (see also Strategic CSR - Executive pay):

Take care

David

 

David Chandler

Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility: Sustainable Value Creation (6e)

© Sage Publications, 2023

 

Instructor Teaching and Student Study Site: https://study.sagepub.com/chandler6e  

Strategic CSR Simulation: http://www.strategiccsrsim.com/

The library of CSR Newsletters is archived at: https://strategiccsr-sage.blogspot.com/

Microsoft Staff Tell Some Carbon Capture Companies It's Pausing Deals

By Alastair Marsh and Ishika Mookerjee

April 13, 2026

Bloomberg Green Daily

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2026-04-13/microsoft-staff-say-carbon-removal-deals-paused-in-program-shakeup

Delta Waters Down Net Zero Target to an 'Aspiration'

By Ben Elgin and Kyle Stock

April 14, 2026

Bloomberg Green Daily

https://origin.www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2026-04-14/delta-waters-down-net-zero-target-to-an-aspiration

Strategic CSR - 40-hour workweek

The article in the url below charts the development of the 40-hour workweek in the U.S. As the author argues, while the story of its evolution is interesting, it is more interesting that something we take for granted today is a relatively recent innovation. In spite of some industry-specific legislation, along with experiments by companies such as Ford, the norm for workers in the early 20th Century remained long hours and a six-day week -- a situation that only really changed with The Great Depression:

"Amid mass unemployment, a bipartisan consensus developed in Washington around work sharing: more people working shorter hours. In 1938, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Fair Labor Standards Act into law. It set a minimum wage of 25 cents an hour and a standard workweek of 44 hours initially, reduced to 40 hours by 1940, with anybody who worked longer hours being entitled to time-and-a-half overtime pay."

This idea spread after the end of WWII:

"In postwar America, the 40-hour week became the norm for millions of workers, with overtime pay acting as a disincentive for employers to require longer hours."

Having won this progress, the author argues that the U.S. worker is now voluntarily surrendering it. Starting in the 1970s, the average workweek has increased in length, and all in the name of individual freedom:

"In the new millennium, the U.S. workweek varies widely for different kinds of workers. Email and the internet, laptops and smartphones, and tools like Zoom and Slack have liberated many office workers from the physical office, but at the cost of an increasingly porous boundary between work and home life."

In other words, you can work whenever you like, as long as it is most of the time:

"A 2025 Gallup poll found that 40% of full-time employees work 40 hours in a typical week, while 38% work from 41 to 59 and 15% work more than 60 hours a week. Only 8% work less than 40 hours."

But, as some begin to question whether the level of productivity is correlated positively with the quantity of hours worked, a few companies are experimenting with a 4-day week (see Strategic CSR — 4-day workweek and Strategic CSR — Microsoft). The research on this so far suggests there are real benefits for organizations:

"Employers participating in the trial saw improvements in employee retention, with resignations falling from 1.8 a month before implementing the four-day week to 1.4 a month afterward. Sick and personal days declined from one day per employee a month to 0.8."

There are also benefits for workers:

"For employees, meanwhile, the main benefits were in well-being and work-life balance. … For example, 69% of participants experienced reduced burnout, nearly 40% were less stressed and anxious, 42% reported better mental health, and 37% percent saw improvements in physical health."

 

The latest twist in the story is the evolution of A.I, of course, which promises to reduce the amount of total work needed. But, it is unclear to the author if that promise will ever be realized, and whether whatever the new norm becomes will be beneficial for workers:

“… it’s not a foregone conclusion that the productivity gains from AI will usher in the age of 15-hour workweeks and abundant leisure time predicted somewhat prematurely by John Maynard Keynes back in 1930."

Take care

David

 

David Chandler

Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility: Sustainable Value Creation (6e)

© Sage Publications, 2023

 

Instructor Teaching and Student Study Site: https://study.sagepub.com/chandler6e  

Strategic CSR Simulation: http://www.strategiccsrsim.com/

The library of CSR Newsletters are archived at: https://strategiccsr-sage.blogspot.com/

 

How Did We Get A 40-hour Workweek?

By Andrew Blackman

December 1, 2025

The Wall Street Journal Report: The Business of Work

Late Edition – Final

R17

https://www.wsj.com/lifestyle/workplace/labor-activism-40-hour-work-week-edcd8305

Strategic CSR - Executive pay

Another indication that the ESG fad has run its course (and was always a distraction) is the decoupling of executive pay from specific associated metrics:

"Two years ago, many of America’s largest companies began stripping diversity targets out of executive pay packages. Now, environmental measures—including goals tied to climate emissions—are beginning to face a similar fate."

In particular, the article in the url below highlights a more recent decision by Apple: 

"Apple Inc. quietly dropped a so-called 'ESG modifier' from its 2025 pay packages for Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook and other top executives, according to a corporate filing last month. The provision, in place since 2021, had allowed Apple’s board to adjust annual bonuses up or down by as much as 10% depending on the company’s performance on a variety of measures, including greenhouse-gas reductions and renewable energy use among suppliers."

But, Apple is not alone:

"Apple’s move follows similar decisions at dozens of companies, including Starbucks, Salesforce, Mastercard and P&G, which have recently weakened or severed ties between environmental performance and the size of their executives’ paychecks."

As a result, the more important underlying principle, the need to align compensation with the most essential performance metrics, is being lost due to the shallowness of the ESG discussion:

"The shift is beginning to show up in the numbers. The share of S&P 500 companies tying executive compensation to environmental metrics fell to 46.7% in 2025, down from a peak of 52.6% two years earlier."

Ultimately, in spite of the good intentions driving the ESG 'movement,' the rush to establish it opened the door to easy criticism, and therefore setback the conversation, because it was so ill-thought-through.

 

Take care

David

 

David Chandler

Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility: Sustainable Value Creation (6e)

© Sage Publications, 2023

 

Instructor Teaching and Student Study Site: https://study.sagepub.com/chandler6e  

Strategic CSR Simulation: http://www.strategiccsrsim.com/

The library of CSR Newsletters is archived at: https://strategiccsr-sage.blogspot.com/

Apple Drops ESG Links From Top Executives' Pay Packages

By Ben Elgin and Jeff Green

February 18, 2026

Bloomberg

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-02-18/apple-quietly-unlinks-environmental-performance-from-pay-packages

Strategic CSR - Wind turbines

The article in the url below sheds some light on the environmental impact of the wind turbines that have grown in line with the accessibility of wind energy. In one small town in Texas, for example, where a lot of used blades have been discarded, the problem is more than a local nuisance:

"For nearly a decade, residents of Sweetwater have been confronted by a jarring sight as they leave and enter this small West Texas town: thousands of used wind-turbine blades. The blades take up nearly 1 million square feet in a field off Interstate 20. Hundreds more occupy a second site nearby. Originally up to 200 feet long — nearly the wingspan of a Boeing 747 — the blades have been cut into thirds, exposing gaping openings. Locals complain they're a haven for rattlesnakes, collect water that attracts mosquitoes and pose a threat to children living nearby."

To be sure, no-one is suggesting wind turbines approach the environmental impact of fossil fuels. But, this particular problem will only get worse as the value of wind energy continues to increase:

"[This situation] offers a window into the larger challenge of disposing of turbine blades, and other complex plastic-infused materials, after their useful life. Blade waste has been increasing as older turbines are replaced or refurbished, and the world could see some 43 million tons of it by 2050, according to one estimate."

In particular, it is the blades of the wind turbine that are so challenging:

"Up to 90% of a wind turbine's mass can be easily recycled, but not the blades. They contain layers of fiberglass or carbon fiber wrapped around a core of balsa wood or plastic foam. Liquid resin is drawn through the fibers and cured, hardening the structure. Separating these materials for recycling is complex and costly. Transportation adds to the expense, since moving the blades often requires specialist trucks and permits."

Take care

David

David Chandler

Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility: Sustainable Value Creation (6e)

© Sage Publications, 2023

Instructor Teaching and Student Study Site: https://study.sagepub.com/chandler6e  

Strategic CSR Simulation: http://www.strategiccsrsim.com/

The library of CSR Newsletters is archived at: https://strategiccsr-sage.blogspot.com/

Blown opportunity

By Saabira Chaudhuri

March 31, 2026

Bloomberg Green Daily

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2026-03-31/texas-wind-turbine-recycling-operation-faces-ken-paxton-lawsuit